What causes hair loss and how is it linked to stress?

Hair loss is a common issue affecting millions of people worldwide. While shedding 50–100 hairs per day is considered normal, excessive hair loss may indicate an underlying problem requiring treatment. The causes of hair loss vary, ranging from genetic factors to environmental and behavioral influences.

The Link Between Stress and Hair Loss

Studies show that high levels of cortisol, the stress hormone, directly affect the hair growth cycle. During prolonged stress, the body prioritizes essential functions, potentially slowing hair growth and increasing hair loss. This phenomenon, known as Telogen Effluvium, typically occurs 3–6 months after a significant stressful event.

Additional Causes of Hair Loss:

• Poor nutrition, particularly deficiencies in iron, zinc, vitamin D, and proteins
• Thyroid disorders
• Hormonal changes, such as postpartum or menopause
• Certain medications
• Frequent chemical treatments and hair dyeing
• Prolonged use of helmets or tight head coverings
• Air pollution and environmental factors

Scientifically Proven Solutions for Hair Loss Prevention

1. Medication

Minoxidil

• Expands blood vessels in the scalp, increasing blood flow to hair follicles
• Available in different concentrations: 2% for women and 5% for men
• Clinically proven effectiveness
• Requires continuous use to maintain results

Finasteride (Propecia)

• Inhibits the enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT
• Intended for men only
• Stops hair loss in approximately 80% of cases
• May cause hormonal side effects

2. PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) Therapy

The procedure involves drawing blood from the patient, centrifuging it to isolate the platelet-rich plasma, and injecting it into the scalp

Benefits: natural treatment, low risk of allergic reactions, can be combined with other therapies

3. Innovative Treatments

Stem cell research and exosomes to stimulate hair growth: New technologies aimed at reactivating dormant hair follicles

4. Cosmetic Treatments

• Shampoos with anti-androgenic ingredients
• Serums with peptides to promote growth
• Nourishing masks to strengthen hair fibers

Recommended Supplements:

Biotin (B7), omega-3 fatty acids, iron, folic acid, zinc, selenium, and vitamin D

5. Lifestyle Changes

• Stress reduction through breathing exercises, yoga, and meditation
• Ensuring 7–8 hours of sleep per night
• A protein- and vitamin-rich diet
• Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
• Staying well-hydrated

When to Consider a Hair Transplant

A hair transplant is a viable solution when hair loss is extensive and irreversible, and conservative treatments have not yielded satisfactory results. It is essential to have a suitable donor area and assess the patient’s overall health before undergoing surgery.

Before opting for a transplant, it is recommended to undergo thorough medical evaluations to identify the causes of hair loss, try conservative treatments for at least a year, and consult with multiple specialists.

Treating hair loss requires a holistic approach that combines medical treatments, lifestyle changes, and proper nutrition. Persistence and addressing the root causes of hair loss can lead to optimal results—long before considering surgical solutions.

The author is Prof. Eyal Winkler, an expert in aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery at Winkler Clinic and NUYU Hair Clinic for robotic hair transplants.